International Study Tours Redefined: A Four-Phase Framework Integrating Virtual Collaboration and Experiential Learning In Cross-National Teams

Higher education institutions increasingly use international study tours to develop students’ global competencies. However, existing designs often overlook opportunities for comprehensive experiential learning, particularly in fostering collaboration within cross-cultural virtual and in-person teams. This study examines an innovative study tour involving students from two universities collaborating on a visit to a third country. The design integrates virtual pre-tour collaboration with in-person experiential learning in mixed-nationality teams during the tour. By analysing student experiences, the study evaluates the effectiveness of this approach in supporting teamwork across virtual and physical environments. It also examines how the design facilitates all stages of Kolb’s experiential learning theory, enabling students to engage deeply in concrete experiences, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation. Findings underscore the importance of thoughtfully designed international study tours, particularly pre-departure virtual collaboration and structured cross-cultural engagement, in creating impactful and meaningful learning experiences.